明史汤显祖传文言文(明史汤显祖传文言文翻译)
1.明史 汤显祖传 文言文翻译
汤显祖，字若士，临川人。
少善属文，有时名。张居正欲其子及第，罗海内名士以张之。
闻显祖及沈懋学名，命诸子延致。显祖谢弗往，懋学遂与居正子嗣修偕及第。
显祖至万历十一年始成进士。授南京太常博士，就迁礼部主事。
十八年，帝以星变严责言官欺蔽，并停俸一年。显祖上言曰：“言官岂尽不肖，盖陛下威福之柄潜为辅臣所窃，故言官向背之情，亦为默移。
御史丁此吕首发科场欺蔽，申时行属杨巍劾去之。御史万国钦极论封疆欺蔽，时行讽同官许国远谪之。
一言相侵，无不出之于外。于是无耻之徒，但知自结于执政。
所得爵禄，直以为执政与之。纵他日不保身名，而今日固已富贵矣。
给事中杨文举奉诏理荒政，征贿巨万。抵杭，日宴西湖，鬻狱市荐以渔厚利。
辅臣乃及其报命，擢首谏垣。给事中胡汝宁攻击饶伸，不过权门鹰犬，以其私人，猥见任用。
夫陛下方责言官欺蔽，而辅臣欺蔽自如。夫今不治，臣谓陛下可惜者四：朝廷以爵禄植善类，今直为私门蔓桃李，是爵禄可惜也。
群臣风靡，罔识廉耻，是人才可惜也。辅臣不越例予人富贵，不见为恩，是成宪可惜也。
陛下御天下二十年，前十年之政，张居正刚而多欲，以群私人，嚣然坏之；后十年之政，时行柔而多欲，以群私人，靡然坏之。此圣政可惜也。
乞立斥文举、汝宁，诫谕辅臣，省愆悔过。”帝怒，谪徐闻典史。
稍迁遂昌知县。二十六年，上计京师，投劾归。
又明年大计，主者议黜之。 李维祯为监司，力争不得，竟夺官。
家居二十年卒。显祖意气慷慨，善李化龙、李三才、梅国桢。
后皆通显有建竖，而显祖蹭蹬穷老。三才督漕淮上，遣书迎之，谢不往。
显祖建言之明年，福建佥事李琯奉表入都，列时行十罪，语侵王锡爵。言惟锡爵敢恣睢，故时行益贪戾，请并斥以谢天下。
帝怒，削其籍。甫两月，时行亦罢。
（不需要全文翻译吧，列出些陌生的字，去查古汉语字典，基本就没大问题了.） 比如：少善属（zhǔ，连缀，接连）文 太长了，默默爬走。
2.明史 汤显祖传 文言文翻译
汤显祖，字若士，临川人。
少善属文，有时名。张居正欲其子及第，罗海内名士以张之。
闻显祖及沈懋学名，命诸子延致。显祖谢弗往，懋学遂与居正子嗣修偕及第。
显祖至万历十一年始成进士。授南京太常博士，就迁礼部主事。
十八年，帝以星变严责言官欺蔽，并停俸一年。显祖上言曰：“言官岂尽不肖，盖陛下威福之柄潜为辅臣所窃，故言官向背之情，亦为默移。
御史丁此吕首发科场欺蔽，申时行属杨巍劾去之。御史万国钦极论封疆欺蔽，时行讽同官许国远谪之。
一言相侵，无不出之于外。于是无耻之徒，但知自结于执政。
所得爵禄，直以为执政与之。纵他日不保身名，而今日固已富贵矣。
给事中杨文举奉诏理荒政，征贿巨万。抵杭，日宴西湖，鬻狱市荐以渔厚利。
辅臣乃及其报命，擢首谏垣。给事中胡汝宁攻击饶伸，不过权门鹰犬，以其私人，猥见任用。
夫陛下方责言官欺蔽，而辅臣欺蔽自如。夫今不治，臣谓陛下可惜者四：朝廷以爵禄植善类，今直为私门蔓桃李，是爵禄可惜也。
群臣风靡，罔识廉耻，是人才可惜也。辅臣不越例予人富贵，不见为恩，是成宪可惜也。
陛下御天下二十年，前十年之政，张居正刚而多欲，以群私人，嚣然坏之；后十年之政，时行柔而多欲，以群私人，靡然坏之。此圣政可惜也。
乞立斥文举、汝宁，诫谕辅臣，省愆悔过。”帝怒，谪徐闻典史。
稍迁遂昌知县。二十六年，上计京师，投劾归。
又明年大计，主者议黜之。 李维祯为监司，力争不得，竟夺官。
家居二十年卒。显祖意气慷慨，善李化龙、李三才、梅国桢。
后皆通显有建竖，而显祖蹭蹬穷老。三才督漕淮上，遣书迎之，谢不往。
显祖建言之明年，福建佥事李琯奉表入都，列时行十罪，语侵王锡爵。言惟锡爵敢恣睢，故时行益贪戾，请并斥以谢天下。
帝怒，削其籍。甫两月，时行亦罢。
（不需要全文翻译吧，列出些陌生的字，去查古汉语字典，基本就没大问题了.） 比如：少善属（zhǔ，连缀，接连）文 太长了，默默爬走。
3.明史 汤显祖传 翻译
Tang Xianzu, if the word disabilities, Linchuan people. Less is a good text, and sometimes were. Zhang Juzheng to his son and, LUO Hai-of Fellows to Zhang. Wen and Chen Mao Xianzu scientific name, life extension of Scholars. Xianzuxiefu to that of Mao and then repair Chung-kai and Juzheng heirs. Xianzu to Wanli 11 years before a Jinshi. Nanjing delegate Dr. Tai Chang, Li Bu principal on the move. 18 years, Dili to Select Star changed Supervisors bully Bi Yan, pension and stopped a year. Xianzu, Yan Yue: "How can Supervisors do bad, His Majesty Weifu covered the potential for stem burglary by Fu-Chen, the feeling of Supervisors Xiangbei also mime shift. Yushi Ding Lu starter this field bullied by Bi, Shen Shixing He is to be Yang. Yushi Nations Qin On a bully Bi Feng Jiang, Satirizing with the official line when Xu Yuan of Exile. Transgression of a word, no not the out. So the only shameless, but in the end that self-governance . Tseuk Luk from the straight with that ruling. Baoshen if not the future, and today has been solid just wealth. Jishi Zhong Yang Feng Zhao Li Ju Huang Zheng, Zheng Giant million bribe. Arrives in Hangzhou, feast on the West Lake, Yu City prison Recommended to fish profits. Fu-Chen Nai and their fate was, the first Zhuochun advice Yuan. Jishi Zhong Hu Runing attacks Rao stretch, but the right door Yingquan, their personal, Wei see appointment. His Majesty the Select husband Supervisors bully Bi, and Des Voeux Bi-chen bully free. Husband died today, Hill said that His Majesty Unfortunately, those four: the government to Tseuk Luk-sik good category, this straight for the private door Man Tao Li, Tseuk Luk is also a pity. Qunchen fashionable, Wang know sense of shame, a pity that talented people are. Fu-Chen did not Cases of wealth to the people, not for TU, is also a pity the Gazette. Majesty's Royal world 20 years ago decades governance, and more recently to Zhang Juzheng, a private group, Xiao-ran the bad; after 10 years G, at the line to more flexible and to private groups, but the name of the bad.'s Political Unfortunately, this also. Begging legislation exclusion Wen-ju, Runing, the commandment Yu Fu-Chen, the provincial span of repentance. "Dinu, Exile Xuwen Code History . Moved slightly Suichang county magistrate. 26 years, or on the capital, for He naturalization. Also next year, plans to discuss the main care of. Li Zhen supervisor for the Division, not to strive, even wins government. 20-year single home. Xianzu emotional generous, good-Li, Li Sancai, Mei Guozhen. After Jie Tong Jian in a vertical, and Xianzucengdeng poor old. Sancai Governor Caojing Huai, the removal of the Ying, Xie not to. Xianzu suggestions of next year, Fujian Qian Li Gun Fengbiao thing to have, at the line out 10 crimes, Wang Xijue language transgression. However, Xijue dare Zisui statement, when it will benefit like Li, and exclusion to thank the world. Dinu, cutting its membership. Just two months, will also stop at.。
4.明史 汤显祖传 翻译
Tang Xianzu, if the word disabilities, Linchuan people. Less is a good text, and sometimes were. Zhang Juzheng to his son and, LUO Hai-of Fellows to Zhang. Wen and Chen Mao Xianzu scientific name, life extension of Scholars. Xianzuxiefu to that of Mao and then repair Chung-kai and Juzheng heirs. Xianzu to Wanli 11 years before a Jinshi. Nanjing delegate Dr. Tai Chang, Li Bu principal on the move. 18 years, Dili to Select Star changed Supervisors bully Bi Yan, pension and stopped a year. Xianzu, Yan Yue: "How can Supervisors do bad, His Majesty Weifu covered the potential for stem burglary by Fu-Chen, the feeling of Supervisors Xiangbei also mime shift. Yushi Ding Lu starter this field bullied by Bi, Shen Shixing He is to be Yang. Yushi Nations Qin On a bully Bi Feng Jiang, Satirizing with the official line when Xu Yuan of Exile. Transgression of a word, no not the out. So the only shameless, but in the end that self-governance . Tseuk Luk from the straight with that ruling. Baoshen if not the future, and today has been solid just wealth. Jishi Zhong Yang Feng Zhao Li Ju Huang Zheng, Zheng Giant million bribe. Arrives in Hangzhou, feast on the West Lake, Yu City prison Recommended to fish profits. Fu-Chen Nai and their fate was, the first Zhuochun advice Yuan. Jishi Zhong Hu Runing attacks Rao stretch, but the right door Yingquan, their personal, Wei see appointment. His Majesty the Select husband Supervisors bully Bi, and Des Voeux Bi-chen bully free. Husband died today, Hill said that His Majesty Unfortunately, those four: the government to Tseuk Luk-sik good category, this straight for the private door Man Tao Li, Tseuk Luk is also a pity. Qunchen fashionable, Wang know sense of shame, a pity that talented people are. Fu-Chen did not Cases of wealth to the people, not for TU, is also a pity the Gazette. Majesty's Royal world 20 years ago decades governance, and more recently to Zhang Juzheng, a private group, Xiao-ran the bad; after 10 years G, at the line to more flexible and to private groups, but the name of the bad.'s Political Unfortunately, this also. Begging legislation exclusion Wen-ju, Runing, the commandment Yu Fu-Chen, the provincial span of repentance. "Dinu, Exile Xuwen Code History . Moved slightly Suichang county magistrate. 26 years, or on the capital, for He naturalization. Also next year, plans to discuss the main care of. Li Zhen supervisor for the Division, not to strive, even wins government. 20-year single home. Xianzu emotional generous, good-Li, Li Sancai, Mei Guozhen. After Jie Tong Jian in a vertical, and Xianzucengdeng poor old. Sancai Governor Caojing Huai, the removal of the Ying, Xie not to. Xianzu suggestions of next year, Fujian Qian Li Gun Fengbiao thing to have, at the line out 10 crimes, Wang Xijue language transgression. However, Xijue dare Zisui statement, when it will benefit like Li, and exclusion to thank the world. Dinu, cutting its membership. Just two months, will also stop at.。
5.阅读下面的文言文《明史 刘显传》
《明史 刘显传》译文：
刘显，南昌人，天生身材魁梧、膂力绝伦，青年时家贫，为人佣工为生，赶上了荒年，因吃量过大，经受不了饥饿煎熬，便有了轻生的念头。他来到一座荒祠里上吊，不想一连吊了两次，都因为绳子和房椽断了而未遂，刘显以为是有神人护佑，便拜别神像、恸哭而去，混迹于一帮牵夫里，为人拉牵帮佣，辗转经年，到达了天府之国四川，寄居在一所寺庙里，靠打短工和偷吃庙里的供品维持生计。他把偷来的供品扣在一口大钟里，天长日久便被人发现了，他神奇的体力被人们以为是天人下凡。嘉靖三十四年，川南宜宾苗人做乱，巡抚张皋募兵平叛，在众人的劝说纵恿下，刘显应募投军，在首次战斗中，他手舞两把大铡刀当先冲锋，亲手砍杀五六十人，并手擒三名首恶，后军继进，使这场叛乱一举荡平，刘显由此声名大震，从一名走卒一下子升为副千户。从此他一直身历沙场，七年之间凭了战功直升到总兵，其升迁之快，为历代武将中所罕见。
6.翻译古文 选自《明史》
蒋瑶，字粹卿，归安人。弘治十二年进士。授行人（明设行人司，虽取《周礼》“行人”之名，而性质不同。行人司置“司正”及左右“司副”，下有“行人”若干，以进士充任，掌管捧节奉使之事，凡颁诏、册封、抚谕、征聘诸事皆归其掌握。在京官中地位虽低，而声望甚高，升转极快。初中之进士，以任此职为荣）。正德年间，历任两京御史。上奏时弊七件，里面说：“内府的军器局有军匠六千人，宦官做监督的人有二人，现在增加到六十余人，人占军匠三十。其他局都这样做，军队怎么会不消耗。”还说：“传奉官和滥收校尉勇士也最好革除。刘瑾虽然已经被杀，权力还是被宦官掌握。”有旨诘问，而且说“自今像蒋瑶一样议论朝政的人，不用再上奏。”随即外放为荆州知府。修筑了黄潭堤。
调任到扬州。武宗南巡到扬州，蒋瑶只是提供皇帝的用具而已，没有赠送的东西。各位嬖幸都很生气。江彬想抢夺富民的住房作为威武副将军府，蒋瑶执意不可。江彬气愤蒋瑶挫辱他，就用皇帝所赐的铜瓜威胁他，蒋瑶不为之所慑服。恰逢皇帝打渔获得一条巨鱼，戏言说价值五百金，江彬就诬告蒋瑶责备他的正直。蒋瑶怀揣他的妻子的簪珥、袿服进言，说：“金库没有钱，臣所有的只是这些。”皇帝笑然后打发他走。扬州府以前有琼花观，皇帝下诏索取琼花。蒋瑶说自宋徽、钦北狩，此花已经灭绝，现在没有可以用来进献的。又传旨征收异物，蒋瑶都说不是扬州出产的。皇帝说：“苎白布，也不是扬州出产的吗？”蒋瑶不得已，给皇帝进献了五百疋。那个时候，当权的认为扬繁华，要求无所不至，而且轻视蒋瑶，平民已经十分困苦。御驾回京，瑶扈到了宝应。宦官邱得用以铁纟亘捆绑蒋瑶，数日才释放，竟然随行到临清才返回。扬州人看见蒋瑶，没有不感动哭泣的。到升迁为陕西参政的时候，争相出资修建祠堂来祭祀他，名声自此大震。
嘉靖初，历任湖广、江西左、右布政使，以右副都御史巡抚河南。皇帝命令桂萼等审核巡抚官的去留，让蒋瑶回京等候调动。后来，累迁为工部尚书。四郊工竣，加太子少保。西苑宫大殿修成，皇帝设置宴会。看见蒋瑶和王时中的席在外面，命令移至殿内，然后移皇亲到殿右来让蒋瑶，说：“亲近亲人不如尊重贤才。”他重视蒋瑶如此。当时土木繁兴，一年花费数百万钱。蒋瑶规画都说是皇帝的意思，好几次给与钱币。因为丁忧去官。很久之后，自南京工部尚书，皇帝下召改为北京工部尚书。皇帝临幸承天，蒋瑶随从。京师建立营，所率役的京军，多为豪家所占匿。到那个时候大兴土木仍然很频繁，每年招募平民充当劳役，花费二百余万钱。蒋瑶为这个说话，因请停不急者。豪家所藏匿的军人都出来，招募花费大减。因为年老致仕。
蒋瑶端亮清介。已经退休，居住在陋巷之中。和尚书刘麟、顾应祥等人结了一个文酒社，徜徉于岘山之间。卒年八十九。赠太子太保，谥恭靖。
7.有王傅着,桂林人,洪武末为广东参政,这个是一篇文言文的开头,
《明史》（卷140）：“后有王溥者，桂林人。洪武末为广东参政，亦以廉名。其弟自家来省，属吏与同舟，赠以布袍。溥命还之，曰：“一衣虽微，不可不慎，此污行辱身之渐也。”粮运由海道多漂没，溥至庾岭，相度形势，命有司凿石填堑，修治桥梁，易以车运。民甚便之。居官数年，笥无重衣，庖无兼馔。以诬逮下诏狱，僚属馈赆皆不受，曰：“吾岂以患难易其心哉！”事白得归，卒。”
王溥是桂林人 洪武末年是广东省的参政（官名）同时因为清廉而闻名 他的弟弟来探望他 他的下属与其弟同船 用布袍相赠 王溥命令其弟把布袍还给他 说 一件衣服 虽然不值钱 不能不小心 这种不好的行为是让我耻辱的苗头 从海路运送的粮食 大多漂走或沉没 王溥来到庾岭 观察形势 命令有司（官职）开凿石头 填平沟壑 修建大桥 使车辆容易运送 人们感到很方便 做了多年的官 家里没有值钱的衣服 厨房里没有多余的食物 因为被诬告而 被下诏投入监狱 同事与下属送给他饭食和财物都不接受 说 我怎么能因为遭受苦难而改变我的思想呢 事情被澄清后回到家中 死了
